top of page
Search
kulyheer

What is Autism Spectrum?

Updated: Oct 22

Over the years, how autism is viewed has changed significantly. Traditionally, autism was viewed as a "disorder" or "deficit" that needed changing or 'fixing'. Although some still adopt this approach, at The Autism Pathway, we pride ourselves on using a 'neuro-affirmative' lens. This involves viewing autism as a "neurotype" (difference in how the brain works). The term "neuro-diversity" means you have a brain that works differently from an average "neurotypical" one.


What does this mean for your assessment?

The Autism Pathway uses the DSM-5 criteria for diagnosing individuals, which is in line with NICE and NHS practices. However, we replace deficit language with more strengths and preference-based language. For example, the DSM-5 refers to "deficits in nonverbal communication (e.g. eye contact). We do not view this as a deficit, but instead a "difference" or a "preference for not sustaining eye contact". Simple changes like this mean that individuals diagnosed by The Autism Pathway will feel hopeful, confident and proud of their identity. We believe in celebrating autistic differences.


From an affirmative perspective, Autism can include the following:


Differences in language and communication:

  • Valuing deep and meaningful conversations as opposed to "small talk."

  • Having a direct and honest approach to interactions

  • Wanting to share lots of detailed knowledge about interests and passions instead of conversational exchanges

  • Sensory speech (e.g. repeating details or shifting topics)

  • Preferring not to sustain eye contact

  • Preferring to use words instead of gestures or facial expressions Differences in Social relationships and emotions:

  • Children/young people may prefer to interact with adults or those younger than them

  • Peer relationships can be a source of stress and uncertainty

  • Preference for small numbers of friends (e.g. one-to-one interactions)

  • Finding group situations overwhelming

  • Difficulties identifying and managing emotions (Alexithymia)

    Sensory Preferences and Interests:

  • Having one or more passions or interests that lead to intense focus

  • Having exceptional skills for recalling facts, building, logical thinking, categorising

  • Sensory aversions (e.g. to noise, light, temperature, food, clothes)

  • Enjoying repetitive body movements

  • Preferring routine, structure and planning


Benefits of Neuroaffirmative Approaches

Implementing neuro-affirmative practices can significantly impact the well-being of autistic individuals. By fostering a positive identity, individuals are more likely to thrive and reach their full potential. In addition, neuro-affirmative approaches promote self-advocacy, autonomy, and a sense of belonging, which are crucial for building confidence and resilience.


by Dr Kuly Heer (BSc; PhD; DClinPsy)

Clinical Psychologist & Clinical Lead



bottom of page